SEO

March 15, 2011

Dogmeat 5 Elements

W3C

HTML5

Index

The following sections only cover conforming elements and features.

Elements

This section is non-normative.

List of elements
Element Description Categories Parents Children Attributes Interface
a Hyperlink flow; phrasing*; interactive phrasing transparent* globals; href; target; rel; media; hreflang; type HTMLAnchorElement
abbr Abbreviation flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
address Contact information for a page or section flow; formatBlock candidate flow flow* globals HTMLElement
area Hyperlink or dead area on an image map flow; phrasing phrasing* empty globals; alt; coords; shape; href; target; rel; media; hreflang; type HTMLAreaElement
article Self-contained syndicatable or reusable composition flow; sectioning; formatBlock candidate flow flow globals HTMLElement
aside Sidebar for tangentially related content flow; sectioning; formatBlock candidate flow flow globals HTMLElement
audio Audio player flow; phrasing; embedded; interactive phrasing source*; transparent* globals; src; preload; autoplay; loop; controls HTMLAudioElement
b Keywords flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
base Base URL and default target browsing context for hyperlinks and forms metadata head empty globals; href; target HTMLBaseElement
bdi Text directionality isolation flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
bdo Text directionality formatting flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
blockquote A section quoted from another source flow; sectioning root; formatBlock candidate flow flow globals; cite HTMLQuoteElement
body Document body sectioning root html flow globals; onafterprint; onbeforeprint; onbeforeunload; onblur; onerror; onfocus; onhashchange; onload; onmessage; onoffline; ononline; onpagehide; onpageshow; onpopstate; onredo; onresize; onscroll; onstorage; onundo; onunload HTMLBodyElement
br Line break, e.g. in poem or postal address flow; phrasing phrasing empty globals HTMLBRElement
button Button control flow; phrasing; interactive; listed; labelable; submittable; form-associated phrasing phrasing* globals; autofocus; disabled; form; formaction; formenctype; formmethod; formnovalidate; formtarget; name; type; value HTMLButtonElement
canvas Scriptable bitmap canvas flow; phrasing; embedded phrasing transparent globals; width; height HTMLCanvasElement
caption Table caption none table flow* globals HTMLTableCaptionElement
cite Title of a work flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
code Computer code flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
col Table column none colgroup empty globals; span HTMLTableColElement
colgroup Group of columns in a table none table col globals; span HTMLTableColElement
command Menu command metadata; flow; phrasing head; phrasing empty globals; type; label; icon; disabled; checked; radiogroup HTMLCommandElement
datalist Container for options for combo box control flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing; option globals HTMLDataListElement
dd Content for corresponding dt element(s) none dl flow globals HTMLElement
del A removal from the document flow; phrasing* phrasing transparent globals; cite; datetime HTMLModElement
details Disclosure control for hiding details flow; sectioning root; interactive flow summary*; flow globals; open HTMLDetailsElement
dfn Defining instance flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing* globals HTMLElement
div Generic flow container flow; formatBlock candidate flow flow globals HTMLDivElement
dl Association list consisting of zero or more name-value groups flow flow dt*; dd* globals HTMLDListElement
dt Legend for corresponding dd element(s) none dl phrasing globals HTMLElement
em Stress emphasis flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
embed Plugin flow; phrasing; embedded; interactive phrasing empty globals; src; type; width; height; any* HTMLEmbedElement
fieldset Group of form controls flow; sectioning root; listed; form-associated flow legend*; flow globals; disabled; form; name HTMLFieldSetElement
figcaption Caption for figure none figure flow globals HTMLElement
figure Figure with optional caption flow; sectioning root flow figcaption*; flow globals HTMLElement
footer Footer for a page or section flow; formatBlock candidate flow flow* globals HTMLElement
form User-submittable form flow flow flow* globals; accept-charset; action; autocomplete; enctype; method; name; novalidate; target HTMLFormElement
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 Section heading flow; heading; formatBlock candidate hgroup; flow phrasing globals HTMLHeadingElement
head Container for document metadata none html metadata content* globals HTMLHeadElement
header Introductory or navigational aids for a page or section flow; formatBlock candidate flow flow* globals HTMLElement
hgroup heading group flow; heading; formatBlock candidate flow One or more h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, and/or h6 globals HTMLElement
hr Thematic break flow flow empty globals HTMLHRElement
html Root element none none* head*; body* globals; manifest HTMLHtmlElement
i Alternate voice flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
iframe Nested browsing context flow; phrasing; embedded; interactive phrasing text* globals; src; srcdoc; name; sandbox; seamless; width; height HTMLIFrameElement
img Image flow; phrasing; embedded; interactive* phrasing empty globals; alt; src; usemap; ismap; width; height HTMLImageElement
input Form control flow; phrasing; interactive*; listed; labelable; submittable; resettable; form-associated phrasing empty globals; accept; alt; autocomplete; autofocus; checked; dirname; disabled; form; formaction; formenctype; formmethod; formnovalidate; formtarget; height; list; max; maxlength; min; multiple; name; pattern; placeholder; readonly; required; size; src; step; type; value; width HTMLInputElement
ins An addition to the document flow; phrasing* phrasing transparent globals; cite; datetime HTMLModElement
kbd User input flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
keygen Cryptographic key-pair generator form control flow; phrasing; interactive; listed; labelable; submittable; resettable; form-associated phrasing empty globals; autofocus; challenge; disabled; form; keytype; name HTMLKeygenElement
label Caption for a form control flow; phrasing; interactive; form-associated phrasing phrasing* globals; form; for HTMLLabelElement
legend Caption for fieldset none fieldset phrasing globals HTMLLegendElement
li List item none ol; ul; menu flow globals; value* HTMLLIElement
link Link metadata metadata; flow*; phrasing* head; noscript*; phrasing* empty globals; href; rel; media; hreflang; type; sizes HTMLLinkElement
map Image map flow; phrasing* phrasing transparent; area* globals; name HTMLMapElement
mark Highlight flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
menu Menu of commands flow; interactive* flow li*; flow globals; type; label HTMLMenuElement
meta Text metadata metadata; flow*; phrasing* head; noscript*; phrasing* empty globals; name; http-equiv; content; charset HTMLMetaElement
meter Gauge flow; phrasing; labelable; form-associated phrasing phrasing* globals; value; min; max; low; high; optimum; form HTMLMeterElement
nav Section with navigational links flow; sectioning; formatBlock candidate flow flow globals HTMLElement
noscript Fallback content for script metadata; flow; phrasing head*; phrasing* varies* globals HTMLElement
object Image, nested browsing context, or plugin flow; phrasing; embedded; interactive*; listed; submittable; form-associated phrasing param*; transparent globals; data; type; name; usemap; form; width; height HTMLObjectElement
ol Ordered list flow flow li globals; reversed; start HTMLOListElement
optgroup Group of options in a list box none select option globals; disabled; label HTMLOptGroupElement
option Option in a list box or combo box control none select; datalist; optgroup text globals; disabled; label; selected; value HTMLOptionElement
output Calculated output value flow; phrasing; listed; labelable; resettable; form-associated phrasing phrasing globals; for; form; name HTMLOutputElement
p Paragraph flow; formatBlock candidate flow phrasing globals HTMLParagraphElement
param Parameter for object none object empty globals; name; value HTMLParamElement
pre Block of preformatted text flow; formatBlock candidate flow phrasing globals HTMLPreElement
progress Progress bar flow; phrasing; labelable; form-associated phrasing phrasing* globals; value; max; form HTMLProgressElement
q Quotation flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals; cite HTMLQuoteElement
rp Parenthesis for ruby annotation text none ruby phrasing globals HTMLElement
rt Ruby annotation text none ruby phrasing globals HTMLElement
ruby Ruby annotation(s) flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing; rt element; rp element* globals HTMLElement
s Inaccurate text flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
samp Computer output flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
script Embedded script metadata; flow; phrasing head; phrasing script, data, or script documentation* globals; src; async; defer; type; charset HTMLScriptElement
section Generic document or application section flow; sectioning; formatBlock candidate flow flow globals HTMLElement
select List box control flow; phrasing; interactive; listed; labelable; submittable; resettable; form-associated phrasing option, optgroup globals; autofocus; disabled; form; multiple; name; required; size HTMLSelectElement
small Side comment flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
source Media source for video or audio none video; audio empty globals; src; type; media HTMLSourceElement
span Generic phrasing container flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLSpanElement
strong Importance flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
style Embedded styling information metadata; flow head; noscript*; flow* varies* globals; media; type; scoped HTMLStyleElement
sub Subscript flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
summary Caption for details none details phrasing globals HTMLElement
sup Superscript flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
table Table flow flow caption*; colgroup*; thead*; tbody*; tfoot*; tr* globals; summary HTMLTableElement
tbody Group of rows in a table none table tr globals HTMLTableSectionElement
td Table cell sectioning root tr flow globals; colspan; rowspan; headers HTMLTableDataCellElement
textarea Multiline text field flow; phrasing; interactive; listed; labelable; submittable; resettable; form-associated phrasing text globals; autofocus; cols; disabled; form; maxlength; name; placeholder; readonly; required; rows; wrap HTMLTextAreaElement
tfoot Group of footer rows in a table none table tr globals HTMLTableSectionElement
th Table header cell none tr phrasing globals; colspan; rowspan; headers; scope HTMLTableHeaderCellElement
thead Group of heading rows in a table none table tr globals HTMLTableSectionElement
time Date and/or time flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing* globals; datetime; pubdate HTMLTimeElement
title Document title metadata head text globals HTMLTitleElement
tr Table row none table; thead; tbody; tfoot th*; td globals HTMLTableRowElement
track Timed text track none audio; video empty globals; default; kind; label; src; srclang HTMLTrackElement
ul List flow flow li globals HTMLUListElement
var Variable flow; phrasing phrasing phrasing globals HTMLElement
video Video player flow; phrasing; embedded; interactive phrasing source*; transparent* globals; src; poster; preload; autoplay; loop; controls; width; height HTMLVideoElement
wbr Line breaking opportunity flow; phrasing phrasing empty globals HTMLElement
An asterisk (*) in a cell indicates that the actual rules are more complicated than indicated in the table above.

Element content categories

This section is non-normative.
s -->

List of element content categories
Category Elements Elements with exceptions
Metadata content base; command; link; meta; noscript; script; style; title -
Flow content a; abbr; address; article; aside; audio; b; bdi; bdo; blockquote; br; button; canvas; cite; code; command; datalist; del; details; dfn; div; dl; em; embed; fieldset; figure; footer; form; h1; h2; h3; h4; h5; h6; header; hgroup; hr; i; iframe; img; input; ins; kbd; keygen; label; map; mark; math; menu; meter; nav; noscript; object; ol; output; p; pre; progress; q; ruby; s; samp; script; section; select; small; span; strong; sub; sup; svg; table; textarea; time; ul; var; video; wbr; Text area (if it is a descendant of a map element); style (if the scoped attribute is present)
Sectioning content article; aside; nav; section -
Heading content h1; h2; h3; h4; h5; h6; hgroup -
Phrasing content abbr; audio; b; bdi; bdo; br; button; canvas; cite; code; command; datalist; dfn; em; embed; i; iframe; img; input; kbd; keygen; label; mark; math; meter; noscript; object; output; progress; q; ruby; s; samp; script; select; small; span; strong; sub; sup; svg; textarea; time; var; video; wbr; Text a (if it contains only phrasing content); area (if it is a descendant of a map element); del (if it contains only phrasing content); ins (if it contains only phrasing content); map (if it contains only phrasing content)
Embedded content audio canvas embed iframe img math object svg video -
Interactive content a; button; details; embed; iframe; keygen; label; select; textarea; audio (if the controls attribute is present); img (if the usemap attribute is present); input (if the type attribute is not in the Hidden state); menu (if the type attribute is in the toolbar state); object (if the usemap attribute is present)
section -->; video (if the controls attribute is present)
Sectioning roots blockquote; body; details; fieldset; figure; td -
Form-associated elements button; fieldset; input; keygen; label; meter; object; output; progress; select; textarea -
Listed elements button; fieldset; input; keygen; object; output; select; textarea -
Labelable elements button; input; keygen; meter; output; progress; select; textarea -
Submittable elements button; input; keygen; object; select; textarea -
Resettable elements input; keygen; output; select; textarea -
formatBlock candidates section; nav; article; aside; h1; h2; h3; h4; h5; h6; hgroup; header; footer; address; p; pre; blockquote; div -

Attributes

This section is non-normative.

List of attributes (excluding event handler content attributes)
Attribute Element(s) Description Value
accept input Hint for expected file type in file upload controls Set of comma-separated tokens* consisting of valid MIME types with no parameters or audio/*, video/*, or image/*
accept-charset form Character encodings to use for form submission Ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, ASCII case-insensitive, consisting of preferred MIME names of ASCII-compatible character encodings*
accesskey HTML elements Keyboard shortcut to activate or focus element Ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, case-sensitive, consisting of one Unicode code point in length
action form URL to use for form submission Valid URL potentially surrounded by spaces
alt area; img; input Replacement text for use when images are not available Text*
async script Execute script asynchronously Boolean attribute
autocomplete form; input Prevent the user agent from providing autocompletions for the form control(s) "on"; "off"
autofocus button; input; keygen; select; textarea Automatically focus the form control when the page is loaded Boolean attribute
autoplay audio; video Hint that the media resource can be started automatically when the page is loaded Boolean attribute
challenge keygen String to package with the generated and signed public key Text
charset meta Character encoding declaration Preferred MIME name of an encoding*
charset script Character encoding of the external script resource Preferred MIME name of an encoding*
checked command; input Whether the command or control is checked Boolean attribute
cite blockquote; del; ins; q Link to the source of the quotation or more information about the edit Valid URL potentially surrounded by spaces
class HTML elements Classes to which the element belongs Set of space-separated tokens
cols textarea Maximum number of characters per line Valid non-negative integer greater than zero
colspan td; th Number of columns that the cell is to span Valid non-negative integer greater than zero
content meta Value of the element Text*
contenteditable HTML elements Whether the element is editable "true"; "false"
contextmenu HTML elements The element's context menu ID*
controls audio; video Show user agent controls Boolean attribute
coords area Coordinates for the shape to be created in an image map Valid list of integers*
data object Address of the resource Valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces
datetime del; ins Date and (optionally) time of the change Valid date string with optional time
datetime time Value of the element Valid date or time string*
default track Enable the track if no other text track is more suitable. Boolean attribute
defer script Defer script execution Boolean attribute
dir HTML elements The text directionality of the element "ltr"; "rtl"
dirname input; textarea Name of form field to use for sending the element's directionality in form submission Text*
disabled button; command; fieldset; input; keygen; optgroup; option; select; textarea Whether the form control is disabled Boolean attribute
draggable HTML elements Whether the element is draggable "true"; "false"
dropzone HTML elements Accepted item types for drag-and-drop Unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, ASCII case-insensitive, consisting of accepted types and drag feedback*
enctype form Form data set encoding type to use for form submission "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; "multipart/form-data"; "text/plain"
for label Associate the label with form control ID*
for output Specifies controls from which the output was calculated Unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, case-sensitive, consisting of IDs*
form button; fieldset; input; keygen; label; meter; object; output; progress; select; textarea Associates the control with a form element ID*
formaction button; input URL to use for form submission Valid URL potentially surrounded by spaces
formenctype button; input Form data set encoding type to use for form submission "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; "multipart/form-data"; "text/plain"
formmethod button; input HTTP method to use for form submission "GET"; "POST"
formnovalidate button; input Bypass form control validation for form submission Boolean attribute
formtarget button; input Browsing context for form submission Valid browsing context name or keyword
headers td; th The header cells for this cell Unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, case-sensitive, consisting of IDs*
height canvas; embed; iframe; img; input; object; video Vertical dimension Valid non-negative integer
hidden HTML elements Whether the element is relevant Boolean attribute
high meter Low limit of high range Valid floating point number*
href a; area Address of the hyperlink Valid URL potentially surrounded by spaces
href link Address of the hyperlink Valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces
href base Document base URL Valid URL potentially surrounded by spaces
hreflang a; area; link Language of the linked resource Valid BCP 47 language tag
http-equiv meta Pragma directive Text*
icon command Icon for the command Valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces
id HTML elements The element's ID Text*
ismap img Whether the image is a server-side image map Boolean attribute
keytype keygen The type of cryptographic key to generate Text*
kind track The type of text track "subtitles"; "captions"; "descriptions"; "chapters"; "metadata"
label command; menu; optgroup; option; track User-visible label Text
lang HTML elements Language of the element Valid BCP 47 language tag or the empty string
list input List of autocomplete options ID*
loop audio; video Whether to loop the media resource Boolean attribute
low meter High limit of low range Valid floating point number*
manifest html Application cache manifest Valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces
max input Maximum value varies*
max meter; progress Upper bound of range Valid floating point number*
maxlength input; textarea Maximum length of value Valid non-negative integer
media a; area; link; source; style Applicable media Valid media query
method form HTTP method to use for form submission "GET"; "POST"
min input Minimum value varies*
min meter Lower bound of range Valid floating point number*
multiple input; select Whether to allow multiple values Boolean attribute
name button; fieldset; input; keygen; output; select; textarea Name of form control to use for form submission and in the form.elements API Text*
name form Name of form to use in the document.forms API Text*
name iframe; object Name of nested browsing context Valid browsing context name or keyword
name map Name of image map to reference from the usemap attribute Text*
name meta Metadata name Text*
name param Name of parameter Text
novalidate form Bypass form control validation for form submission Boolean attribute
open details Whether the details are visible Boolean attribute
optimum meter Optimum value in gauge Valid floating point number*
pattern input Pattern to be matched by the form control's value Regular expression matching the JavaScript Pattern production
placeholder input; textarea User-visible label to be placed within the form control Text*
poster video Poster frame to show prior to video playback Valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces
preload audio; video Hints how much buffering the media resource will likely need "none"; "metadata"; "auto"
pubdate time Whether the element's value represents a publication time for the nearest article or body Boolean attribute
radiogroup command Name of group of commands to treat as a radio button group Text
readonly input; textarea Whether to allow the value to be edited by the user Boolean attribute
rel a; area; link Relationship between the document containing the hyperlink and the destination resource Set of space-separated tokens*
required input; select; textarea Whether the control is required for form submission Boolean attribute
reversed ol Number the list backwards Boolean attribute
rows textarea Number of lines to show Valid non-negative integer greater than zero
rowspan td; th Number of rows that the cell is to span Valid non-negative integer
sandbox iframe Security rules for nested content Unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, ASCII case-insensitive, consisting of "allow-same-origin", "allow-forms", and "allow-scripts"
spellcheck HTML elements Whether the element is to have its spelling and grammar checked "true"; "false"
scope th Specifies which cells the header cell applies to "row"; "col"; "rowgroup"; "colgroup"
scoped style Whether the styles apply to the entire document or just the parent subtree Boolean attribute
seamless iframe Whether to apply the document's styles to the nested content Boolean attribute
selected option Whether the option is selected by default Boolean attribute
shape area The kind of shape to be created in an image map "circle"; "default"; "poly"; "rect"
size input; select Size of the control Valid non-negative integer greater than zero
sizes link Sizes of the icons (for rel="icon") Unordered set of unique space-separated tokens, ASCII case-insensitive, consisting of sizes*
span col; colgroup Number of columns spanned by the element Valid non-negative integer greater than zero
src audio; embed; iframe; img; input; script; source; track; video Address of the resource Valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces
srcdoc iframe A document to render in the iframe The source of an iframe srcdoc document*
srclang track Language of the text track Valid BCP 47 language tag
start ol Ordinal value of the first item Valid integer
step input Granularity to be matched by the form control's value Valid floating point number greater than zero, or "any"
style HTML elements Presentational and formatting instructions CSS declarations*
summary table Explanatory text for complex tables for users of screen readers Text*
tabindex HTML elements Whether the element is focusable, and the relative order of the element for the purposes of sequential focus navigation Valid integer
target a; area Browsing context for hyperlink navigation Valid browsing context name or keyword
target base Default browsing context for hyperlink navigation and form submission Valid browsing context name or keyword
target form Browsing context for form submission Valid browsing context name or keyword
title HTML elements Advisory information for the element Text
title abbr; dfn Full term or expansion of abbreviation Text
title command Hint describing the command Text
title link Title of the link Text
title link; style Alternative style sheet set name Text
type a; area; link Hint for the type of the referenced resource Valid MIME type
type button Type of button "submit"; "reset"; "button"
type button; input Type of form control input type keyword
type command Type of command "command"; "checkbox"; "radio"
type embed; object; script; source; style Type of embedded resource Valid MIME type
type menu Type of menu "context"; "toolbar"
usemap img; object Name of image map to use Valid hash-name reference*
value button; option Value to be used for form submission Text
value input Value of the form control varies*
value li Ordinal value of the list item Valid integer
value meter; progress Current value of the element Valid floating point number
value param Value of parameter Text
width canvas; embed; iframe; img; input; object; video Horizontal dimension Valid non-negative integer
wrap textarea How the value of the form control is to be wrapped for form submission "soft"; "hard"

An asterisk (*) in a cell indicates that the actual rules are more complicated than indicated in the table above.


Perfect Cup of Coffee Research, | MIT 150 Ex

Image of Perfect Cup of Coffee Research Perfect Cup of Coffee Research
Perfect Cup of Coffee Research, Samuel Cate Prescott, 1930s

“MIT” is internationally recognized shorthand for technological and academic excellence. When filmmakers want to establish a character as a brilliant scientist or engineer, they throw in a line about her MIT education or cut to his class ring. So when advertisements in the 1930s showed a serious white-coated MIT scientist holding aloft a flask with “the perfect cup of coffee,” the American public listened. In 1920, the National Coffee Roasters Association gave Professor Samuel Cate Prescott $40,000 to establish a new laboratory devoted to perfecting coffee. The resulting guidelines—one tablespoon of coffee per eight ounces of water, just short of boiling, in glass or ceramic containers, never boiled, reheated, or reused—were the result of three years of study. More important than the recipe, however, was the refutation of coffee opponents who claimed coffee was a “slow poison.” Wrote Prescott, “Coffee was the servant rather than the destroyer of civilization.” MIT researchers also were active in serious food technologies, working on techniques for preserving taste, nutrition, and texture in canned goods as well as developing nutritional guidelines for preventing nutritional deficiencies.

George Washington coffee can on loan from George Washington Coffee, Port Angeles, WA.

March 14, 2011

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