cockney rhyming slang
london cockney rhyming slang words, expressions, meanings, translations, explanations and origins
Cockney rhyming slang is an amusing and much under-estimated part of the English language. Originating in London's East End in the mid-19th century, Cockney rhyming slang uses substitute words, usually two, as a coded alternative for another word. The final word of the substitute phrase rhymes with the word it replaces (for example - the cockney rhyming slang for the word 'look' is 'butcher's hook'). When only the first word of the replacement phrase is used, as is usual, the meaning is difficult to guess (ie 'butchers' = 'look'). Rhyming slang began 200 years ago among the London east-end docks builders. Cockney rhyming slang then developed as a secret language of the London underworld from the 1850s, when villains used the coded speech to confuse police and eavesdroppers. Since then the slang has continued to grow and reflect new trends and wider usage, notably leading to Australian rhyming slang expressions, and American too. Many original cockney rhyming slang words have now entered the language and many users are largely oblivious as to their beginnings. If you want to learn more about cockney rhyming slang, the Cockney Rabbit book below is highly recommended. For additional entertainment try the excellent free online translation site at whoohoo.co.uk where you can translate phrases and emails into cockney rhyming slang (as well as other slang styles).
Cockney rhyming slang is a significant and colourful presence in the English native language. Many Londoners and British people will be surprised to learn that some of the best known English expressions originated from cockney rhyming slang. This cockney rhyming slang listing is not a full dictionary, it shows the most common expressions and meanings, with cockney rhyming origins, and examples of more recent rhyming slang expressions. If you are easily offended, avert your eyes from the rude ones. Explanations of old and new interesting or amusing cockney rhyming slang not listed here are always welcome - send missing interesting old or new common cockney rhyming slang expressions, meanings and origins.
cockney rhyming slang meanings and definitions
This is not a full list of all cockney rhyming slang expressions and meanings - just a selection of the more interesting expressions, including many that have entered everyday language. How many of these commons expressions did you know were originally derived from cockney rhyming slang?
Adam and Eve - believe ('would you adam and eve it?')
Alan Wickers - knickers (of more recent origin, as featured in the film 'Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels': "keep yer alan's on...")
Apples and pears - stairs
April (April in Paris) - Aris (from Arstotle - Bottle, from Bottle and glass - Arse)
Aris - arse (from Aristotle, see above, or Bottle)
Attila (Attila the Hun) - two-one (2i, an upper 2nd class UK university degree)
Barnet (Barnet fair) - hair
Barney (Barney Rubble) - trouble, now also means argument
Basil (Basil Fawlty) - balti (curry)
Battle Cruiser - Boozer (public house - apparently used in the film Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels - 'Battle and Cruiser' and 'Battleship and Cruiser' are other versions, all dating back to the 1930s, first recorded, pre-dated by actual usage)
Berk or Burk (Berkeley Hunt/Berkshire Hunt) - (yes you guessed it - now you know what you're really saying when you call someone a Berk - sources vary as to whether Berkeley or Berkshire came first. Burlington Hunt is another less common version)
Bird (bird lime) - Time (prison)
Boat (boat race) - face
Bobble (Bobble hat and scarf) - laugh ("you're having a bobble", ie., you cannot be serious)
Bottle (Bottle and glass) - arse (also meaning courage, from the allusion to loss of rectal control under pressure)
Bowler Hat - Cat
Brahms (Brahms and Liszt) - pissed
Brass Tacks - Facts ('let's get down to brass tacks')
Brassic (boracic lint) - skint (penniless)
Bread (bread and honey) - money
Bristols (Bristol Cities) - titties (breasts)
Brown Bread - dead
Bubble (Barf/Bath) - laugh ('you 'avin' a bubble?..')
Bubble (and Squeak) - Greek (a Greek person), or a magistrate or judge (beak) or wife (based on rhyming bubble with trouble, from trouble and strife)
(Buckshee is not cockney rhyming slang for 'free', as some sources suggest, including here previously. I am grateful to Huw Thomas for pointing me in the right direction about the actual origins of Buckshee.)
Bull and cow - row (argument, not row of beans or row a boat)
Butchers (butchers hook) - look ('give us butchers..')
Canoes - shoes
Chalfonts (Chalfont St Giles) - piles (Haemorrhoids)
Charlie (Charlie Hunt) - (yes you guessed it again - remember it next time you call someone a right charlie)
Chewy toffee - coffee
China (china plate) - mate ('me old china')
Christmas crackers - knackers (testicles)
Christmas crackered - knackered (worn out, exhausted, broken, etc)
Cloud seven - heaven
Cobblers (cobblers awls, or cobblers stalls) - Balls ('you're talking cobblers')
Coco/Cocoa - say so (see variations below)
Cream crackers/crackered - knackers/knackered (testicles/worn out - also producing the expression 'creamed' meaning exhausted or beaten)
Crust (crust of bread) - head